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Catherine Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (20 October 1718 – 10 December 1779), was the wife of Cosmo George Gordon, 3rd Duke of Gordon, and the mother of the 4th Duke. After the duke's death, she married General Staats Long Morris.

Early life[edit]

Lady Catherine was born at Haddo near Tarves in Aberdeenshire.^[1] She was a daughter of William Gordon, 2nd Earl of Aberdeen, and his second wife, the former Lady Susan Murray.^[2] Her elder half sister was Lady Ann Gordon, the first wife of William Dalrymple-Crichton, 5th Earl of Dumfries, 4th Earl of Stair. Her elder brother was George Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aberdeen. After the death of her mother, her father remarried for a third time. Through this marriage, she was an elder half-sister to William Gordon and Alexander Gordon, Lord Rockville.

Gordon works in Blairsville, GA and 1 other location and specializes in General Practice.

Her paternal grandparents were George Gordon, 1st Earl of Aberdeen, and his wife Anne Lockhart.^[3] Her maternal grandparents were John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl and Lady Katherine Douglas-Hamilton (a daughter of William Douglas-Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Hamilton and Anne Hamilton, Duchess of Hamilton).^[4]

Personal life[edit]

On 3 September 1741, she was married to Cosmo George Gordon, 3rd Duke of Gordon, to whom she was distantly related, at Dunkeld.^[5] Cosmo was the eldest son of Alexander Gordon, 2nd Duke of Gordon and the former Lady Henrietta Mordaunt (the only daughter of Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough). Together, Lord Gordon and Lady Catherine were the parents of six children, including:^[6]

• Lady Susan Gordon (died 1814), who married twice: she had children by her first husband, John Fane, 9th Earl of Westmorland, and two by her second husband, Lt.-Col. John Woodford.^[6]
• Alexander Gordon, 4th Duke of Gordon (1743–1827), who married Jane Maxwell.^[6]
• Lord William Gordon (1744–1823), who married Hon. Frances Ingram-Shepheard and had one daughter.^[6]
• Lady Anne Gordon (1748–?), who married Reverend Alexander Chalmers^[7]
• Lady Catharine Gordon (1751–?), who married Thomas Booker^[7][8]
• Lord George Gordon (1751–1793), who died unmarried.^[6]

The Duke of Gordon died in 1752. In 1754, Horace Walpole described the duchess as looking 'like a raw-boned Scottish metaphysician that has got a red face by drinking water', and implied that she had made advances to Stanisław August Poniatowski (the future King of Poland).^[9]

Second marriage[edit]

In March 1756, the widowed duchess married Staats Long Morris, an American soldier who had become a British MP.^[10] He was the son of Lewis Morris, Speaker of the New York General Assembly, and a grandson of Lewis Morris, governor of New Jersey. In 1759, Catherine decided to raise a new regiment as a career opportunity for her second husband, but they were posted to India. She later went with him to America, where they travelled widely in 1768–9. They then returned to Scotland and set up home at Huntly Lodge. Morris became MP for Elgin Burghs in 1774, largely due to the influence of his stepson, the new Duke of Gordon.^[11]

References[edit]

1. ^George Naylor, The Register's of Thorrington (n.n.: n.n., 1888). Hereinafter cited as Registers of Thorrington.
2. ^Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes. Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999. Page 10.
3. ^'Aberdeen, Earl of (S, 1682)'. www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
4. ^'Atholl, Duke of (S, 1703)'. www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
5. ^G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910–1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume VI, page 4.
6. ^ ^abcde'Gordon, Duke of (S, 1684 – 1836)'. Cracroft's Peerage. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
7. ^ ^abJohn Debrett (1790). The Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland: Or, the Ancient and Present State of the Nobility. ... In Three Volumes. W. Owen; L. Davis; and J. Debrett. pp. 16–.
8. ^ Daniel Lysons, The Environs of London: volume 3, County of Middlesex (n.n.: n.n., 1795), page 404-417.
9. ^Horace Walpole; Peter Cunningham (1857). The letters of Horace Walpole, earl of Orford. R. Bentley. pp. 383–.
10. ^John Burke (1838). A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland. 4. Colburn.
11. ^'MORRIS, Staats Long (1728–1800), of Huntly Lodge and Knaperna, Aberdeen'. History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 12 October 2018.

Lady Catherine Gordon (c. 1474–October 1537) was a Scottish noblewoman and the wife of Yorkist pretender Perkin Warbeck, who claimed he was Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York. After her imprisonment by King Henry VII of England, she became a favoured lady-in-waiting of his wife, Elizabeth of York. She had a total of four husbands, but there are no records she had any surviving children.

Family[edit]

Lady Catherine was born in Scotland, the daughter of George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, by his third wife, Lady Elizabeth Hay.^[1] Some 19th-century writers had assumed she was a daughter of King James I's daughter Annabella, who had been the Earl of Huntly's first wife.^[a][2]

Catherine Gordon And King Henry

Perkin Warbeck[edit]

Before 4 March 1497, Lady Catherine was given in marriage to the pretender Perkin Warbeck, who was favoured by King James IV of Scotland for political reasons, and who had apparently been courting her since 1495, as a love letter^[b] from him to the very beautiful^[c] Lady Catherine has been preserved in the Spanish State Letters, vol, i, p. 78.^[3] James IV gave Perkin Warbeck a 'spousing goune' of white damask for the wedding at Edinburgh, and the celebrations included a tournament. Warbeck wore armour covered with purple brocade.^[4]

Lady Catherine, now called the Duchess of York, sailed from Ayr with Perkin with Guy Foulcart in the Cuckoo dressed in a new tanny coloured 'sea gown'.^[5] She was taken prisoner at St. Michael's Mount after King Henry's forces captured Warbeck's Cornish army at Exeter in 1497.^[6] On 15 October 1497 there is record of a payment of £7 13s. 4d. to Robert Southwell for horses, saddles and other necessities for the transportation of 'my Lady Kateryn Huntleye.'^[6] Her husband was hanged at Tyburn on 23 November 1499.^[7] Lady Catherine was kept a virtual prisoner by King Henry who placed her in the household of his wife, Elizabeth of York, where she became a favourite lady-in-waiting.^[8]

Henry VII paid some of her expenses from his privy purse and gave her gifts of clothing. In the privy purse accounts her name was recorded as 'Lady Kateryn Huntleye'.^[9][10] These included, in November 1501, clothes of cloth-of-gold furred with ermine, a purple velvet gown, and a black hood in the French style; in April 1502, black and crimson velvet for gown and black kersey for stockings; and in November 1502, black satin, and other black cloth, to be trimmed with mink (from her own stock) and miniver, with a crimson bonnet.^[11] On 25 January 1503 Catherine attended the ceremony of marriage between James IV and Margaret Tudor at Richmond Palace. James was represented by the Earl of Bothwell as his proxy.^[12]

In February 1503, Lady Catherine was a Mourner at the funeral of Queen Consort Elizabeth, arriving in a 'chair', a carriage, with the Lady Fitzwalter and Lady Mountjoy. The train of her dress was carried by the Queen's mother-in-law, the Countess of Derby. Lady Catherine made the offerings at the masses and with 37 other ladies placed a 'pall', an embroidered cloth, on the coffin at Westminster Abbey.^[13]

In 1510, Lady Catherine obtained letters of denization and that same year, on 8 August, was given a grant of the manors of Philberts at Bray, and Eaton at Appleton, both then in Berkshire.^[14] Two years later she acquired along with her husband the manor of 'Fiffhede', Fyfield, and upon surrender of patent of 8 August the three manors were all re-granted to Lady Catherine Gordon with the proviso she could not leave England, for Scotland or other foreign lands, without license.^[14]

Catherine Gordon White Princess

Subsequent marriages[edit]

Before 13 February 1512, she married James Strangeways of Fyfield, a gentleman usher of the King's Chamber.^[1] The couple endowed a chantry priest to sing for the souls of their parents at St Mary Overie at Southwark in London,^[15] where James Strangeways, James's father was buried. In 1517, she married her third husband, Matthew Craddock of Swansea, Steward of Gower and Seneschal of Kenfig, who died c. July 1531.^[1] Matthew Craddock's will notes the jewels and silver that Lady Catherine owned before they were married. These included a girdle with a pomander, a heart of gold, a fleur-de-lis of diamonds, and a gold cross with nine diamonds. He bequeathed her an income from the lands of Dinas Powys and Llanedeyrn near Cardiff.^[16]

Her fourth and last husband was Christopher Ashton of Fyfield also then in Berkshire.^[17] She is not recorded as having any surviving children; however, she had two stepchildren by Ashton's previous marriage.

According to biographer David Loades, Lady Catherine was head of Mary Tudor's Privy Chamber until 1530.

When not at Court, Catherine resided at Fyfield Manor,^[10] except during her marriage to Craddock when she gained permission to live in Wales.^[18] Catherine made her will on 12 October 1537, and died soon after.^[19] She was buried in the church of St Nicholas at Fyfield, with a monument, including brass figures (now lost).^[10] Matthew Craddock had previously erected a chest monument for himself and 'Mi Ladi Katerin' with their effigies in St Mary's Church, Swansea. The carved heraldry included emblems of the Gordon and Hay family. Both Catherine's mother and paternal grandmother were members of the Hay family.^[20]

Ancestry[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^Her mother was apparently not Annabella as some accounts have stated, the Earl of Huntly divorced Annabella in 1471. Catherine's effigy in Swansea church has the Gordon and Hay (not Stewart) arms impaled with those of Craddock indicating she was a daughter of Elizabeth Hay, probably her eldest. Catherine was given in marriage by King James IV as his cousin, which she would be either as a daughter of Annabella Stewart by consanguinity or as a daughter of Elizabeth Hay through affinity. So being called a cousin of the Scottish king did not require she necessarily be Annabella's daughter. J. E. Cussans, 'Notes on the Perkin Warbeck Insurrection', in, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, vol. 1 (1872), p. 63: The Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol. IV Edinburgh: David Douglas, (1907), pp. 530-1: Records of Aboyne (1894), 411
2. ^The preserved letter to Lady Catherine is also an example of the style of this early period:—

   Most noble lady, it is not without reason that all turn their eyes to you; that all admire love and obey you. For they see your two-fold virtues by which you are so much distinguished above all other mortals. Whilst on the one hand, they admire your riches and immutable prosperity, which secure to you the nobility of your lineage and the loftiness of your rank, they are, on the other hand, struck by your rather divine than human beauty, and believe that you are not born in our days but descended from Heaven.
   All look at your face so bright and serene that it gives splendour to the cloudy sky; all look at your eyes so brilliant as stars which make all pain to be forgotten, and turn despair into delight; all look at your neck which outshines pearls; all look at your fine forehead. Your purple light of youth, your fair hair; in one word at the splendid perfection of your person:—and looking at they cannot choose but admire you; admiring they cannot choose but to love you; loving they cannot choose but to obey you.
   I shall, perhaps, be the happiest of all your admirers, and the happiest man on earth, since I have reason to hope you will think me worthy of your love. If I represent to my mind all your perfections, I am not only compelled to love, to adore and to worship you, but love makes me your slave. Whether I was waking or sleeping I cannot find rest or happiness except in your affection. All my hopes rest in you, and in you alone.
   Most noble lady, my soul, look mercifully down upon me, your slave; who has ever been devoted to you from the first hour he saw you. Love is not an earthly thing, it is heaven born. Do not think it below yourself to obey love's dictates. Not only kings, but also gods and goddesses have bent their necks beneath its yoke.
   I beseech you most noble lady to accept for ever one who in all things will cheerfully do your will as long as his days shall last. Farewell, my soul and consolation. You, the brightest ornament in Scotland, farewell, farewell.

   See: Records of Aboyne (1894), 409-10.
3. ^The lady was reported to be 'singularly beautiful' and that Henry VII 'much marveled at her beauty and amiable countenance, and sent her to London to the Queen'. Records of Aboyne (1894), 409-10 & 410 n. *.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcThe Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol. IV (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907), pp. 530-1
2. ^David Dunlop, 'The 'Masked Comedian': Perkin Warbeck's Adventures in Scotland and England from 1495 to 1497', The Scottish Historical Review, Vol. 70, No. 190 (Oct., 1991). p. 100, n. 2
3. ^The records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), pp. 409-10
4. ^Norman MacDougall, James IV (Tuckwell: East Linton, 1997), pp. 122-123; Thomas Dickson, Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland: 1473-1498 (Edinburgh, 1877), pp. 257, 262-4.
5. ^Thomas Dickson, Accounts of the Treasurer, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1877), pp. cliii, 342-5.
6. ^ ^abThe records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 410
7. ^Rosemary O'Day, The Routledge Companion to the Tudor Age (New York; Oxford: Routledge, 2010), p. 1590.
8. ^John A. Wagner, Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2001), p. 291
9. ^Samuel Bentley, Excerpta Historica or Illustrations of English History (London, 1833), p. 115.
10. ^ ^abcLee, Sidney, ed. (1899). 'Warbeck, Perkin' . Dictionary of National Biography. 59. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
11. ^Joseph Bain, Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland, 1357-1509, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1888), nos. 1677, 1685, 1688, (and in Latin, pp. 419-421, no. 36)
12. ^Thomas Hearne, John Leland, De Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, John Leland, vol. 4 (London, 1774), p. 260.
13. ^Francis Grose, Antiquarian Repertory, Vol. 4 (London: 1784), pp. 245, 248, 249
14. ^ ^abThe records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 401
15. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), p. 25
16. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 6, 8, 16-17
17. ^The records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 413
18. ^J. S. Brewer, Letters and Papers Henry VIII, 2:2 (London, 1864), p. 1116 no. 3512.
19. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 24-25
20. ^Picture of the Craddock tomb, 1941, WW2 Today: John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 9-12